{"id":4410184,"date":"2024-12-02T15:41:32","date_gmt":"2024-12-02T19:41:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/epithelia.ca\/?p=4410184"},"modified":"2024-12-02T15:58:30","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T19:58:30","slug":"does-alcohol-have-an-impact-on-digestion-and-digestive-symptoms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/epithelia.ca\/en\/blogue\/est-ce-que-lalcool-a-un-impact-sur-la-digestion-et-les-symptomes-digestifs\/","title":{"rendered":"Does alcohol affect digestion and digestive symptoms?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Certaines personnes rapportent des inconforts digestifs tels que des maux de ventre, des ballonnements ou des diarrh\u00e9es lors de la consommation d\u2019alcool!<\/p>\n

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Mais que dit la science sur l\u2019effet de l\u2019alcool sur ces sympt\u00f4mes digestifs?<\/em><\/p>\n

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Alcool et sympt\u00f4mes digestifs<\/h2>\n

\u2022 De nombreuses personnes remarquent que l\u2019alcool provoque des selles urgentes<\/strong> m\u00eame apr\u00e8s une consommation mod\u00e9r\u00e9e. Cela n\u2019a rien d\u2019\u00e9tonnant : l\u2019alcool agit comme un irritant<\/strong> et acc\u00e9l\u00e8re le transit intestinal<\/strong> (1)! De plus, l\u2019alcool est une toxine que le corps cherche \u00e0 \u00e9liminer rapidement.
\u2022 L\u2019alcool peut aussi favoriser le reflux gastro-\u0153sophagien<\/strong> (RGO) ou les br\u00fblements d\u2019estomac<\/strong>, car il stimule la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion d\u2019acide gastrique et affaiblit le sphincter \u0153sophagien inf\u00e9rieur, augmentant les risques de reflux (1).
\u2022 L’augmentation de l\u2019alcool\u00e9mie (quantit\u00e9 d’alcool dans le sang) diminue la production de pepsine, une enzyme essentielle \u00e0 la digestion des aliments (4). Une diminution de la pepsine peut ralentir la digestion<\/strong>, entra\u00eenant une fermentation accrue des aliments, des gaz<\/strong> et des ballonnements<\/strong>. Cette r\u00e9duction peut aussi irriter les parois intestinales et provoquer des diarrh\u00e9es<\/strong> (4).<\/p>\n

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Nouvelles recommandations sur la consommation d\u2019alcool<\/h2>\n

Depuis 2023, le Centre canadien sur les d\u00e9pendances et l\u2019usage de substances (2) a \u00e9mis un nouveau rapport sur les risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019alcool. Selon ce rapport, les risques de sant\u00e9 augmentent de fa\u00e7on mod\u00e9r\u00e9e avec une consommation hebdomadaire de 3 \u00e0 6 verres<\/strong><\/span>. Cela souligne l\u2019importance de r\u00e9duire sa consommation pour pr\u00e9server la sant\u00e9 globale.<\/p>\n

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R\u00e9f\u00e9rence\u00a0: Centre canadien sur les d\u00e9pendances et l\u2019usage de substances (2023) (2)<\/em><\/p>\n

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Microbiote intestinal et alcool<\/h2>\n

Au-del\u00e0 des sympt\u00f4mes digestifs, l\u2019alcool a des effets sur le microbiote intestinal.<\/p>\n

Une grande consommation<\/strong> d\u2019alcool a \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9e \u00e0 (5)(6):
\u2022 Alt\u00e9ration du microbiote intestinal (dysbiose) et une surcroissance bact\u00e9rienne
\u2022 Processus inflammatoires
\u2022 \u2193 Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes
\u2022 \u2191 Proteobacteria, Enterococacceae, Streptococcaceae<\/p>\n

Les \u00e9tudes rapportent que l\u2019impact de l\u2019alcool sur la sant\u00e9 est direct via l\u2019\u00e9thanol<\/strong> et indirectement par l\u2019implication dans l\u2019alt\u00e9ration du microbiote<\/strong> (dysbiose intestinale) (6). Les changements du microbiote provoqu\u00e9s par l\u2019alcool peuvent contribuer \u00e0 augmenter la perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 intestinale et l\u2019inflammation h\u00e9patique (du foie) (3).<\/p>\n

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Est-ce que tous les alcools ont le m\u00eame impact sur le microbiote?<\/h2>\n

Les effets de l\u2019alcool varient selon le type consomm\u00e9<\/strong> (5). Des \u00e9tudes avec peu de sujets ont constat\u00e9 des changements favorables lors de la consommation de vin rouge par la pr\u00e9sence de polyph\u00e9nols (5). En effet, les polyph\u00e9nols sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme des pr\u00e9biotiques pour les bact\u00e9ries intestinales!
De plus, la consommation mod\u00e9r\u00e9e de boissons ferment\u00e9es contenant des micro-organismes, des compos\u00e9s bioactifs et de faibles quantit\u00e9s d’alcool (ex. kombucha<\/strong>) peut avoir des effets potentiels sains sur le microbiote (6).<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/epithelia.ca\/blogue\/le-kombucha-un-choix-sense\/\u00a0\u00bb button_text=\u00a0\u00bbPour faire un choix \u00e9clair\u00e9 sur le kombucha, lire cet article de blogue!\u00a0\u00bb button_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][et_pb_divider _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Conseils pour r\u00e9duire les sympt\u00f4mes digestifs li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019alcool<\/h2>\n

\u2022 Boire en mangeant\u00a0: moins irritant pour l\u2019estomac que de boire \u00e0 jeun. Faites attention lors des 5 \u00e0 7!
\u2022 R\u00e9duire les quantit\u00e9s d\u2019alcool consomm\u00e9es et favoriser les versions sans alcool.
\u2022 Alterner entre les boissons alcoolis\u00e9es et non-alcoolis\u00e9es.
\u2022 R\u00e9duire les apports en sucres ajout\u00e9s (jus, sirop, boissons gazeuses) qui peuvent aussi augmenter les sympt\u00f4mes digestifs comme les ballonnements et les gaz.
\u2022 Faire attention aux liquides p\u00e9tillants (eau p\u00e9tillante, tonique) qui peuvent causer des ballonnements chez certains.
\u2022 Limiter les ajouts acides (jus de citron, de limes, d\u2019orange, de pamplemousse) qui favorisent d\u00e9j\u00e0 les reflux chez les gens sensibles.
\u2022 Boire de l\u2019eau entre les consommations.<\/p>\n

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Recettes Mocktail\u00a0<\/h2>\n

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button_text=\u00a0\u00bbSangria blanche sans alcool au kombucha\u00a0\u00bb button_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb110px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb3_5,2_5″][et_pb_column _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb type=\u00a0\u00bb3_5″][et_pb_button button_text=\u00a0\u00bbMocktail aux m\u00fbres et aux canneberges\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb button_url=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/epithelia.ca\/recettes\/recette-vegetarienne\/mocktail-aux-mures-et-aux-canneberges\/\u00a0\u00bb button_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb117px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb type=\u00a0\u00bb2_5″][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/epithelia.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Capture-decran-le-2024-10-24-a-11.06.25-png.avif\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbMocktail sans alcool aux m\u00fbres et canneberges. \u00c9pith\u00e9lia\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbMocktail sans alcool aux m\u00fbres et canneberges. \u00c9pith\u00e9lia\u00a0\u00bb url=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/epithelia.ca\/recettes\/recette-vegetarienne\/mocktail-aux-mures-et-aux-canneberges\/\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_divider _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″]<\/p>\n

En conclusion<\/h2>\n

\u2022 L\u2019alcool peut provoquer des sympt\u00f4mes digestifs chez tout le monde, en particulier chez les gens ayant d\u00e9j\u00e0 des troubles digestifs comme le syndrome de l\u2019intestin irritable (SII) (souvent appel\u00e9 c\u00f4lon irritable) ou les maladies inflammatoires de l\u2019intestin (MII).
\u2022 Favoriser une consommation mod\u00e9r\u00e9e pour aider \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les impacts. Le vin rouge et le kombucha sont \u00e0 privil\u00e9gier en raison de leurs effets potentiellement b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques.
\u2022 Pour bien comprendre l\u2019impact de l\u2019alcool et des autres aliments sur vos sympt\u00f4mes digestifs, consultez une nutritionniste<\/a><\/strong> pour des conseils personnalis\u00e9s sur la sant\u00e9 digestive.<\/p>\n

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R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h4>\n

(1) Bode et Bode (1997) Alcohol’s role in gastrointestinal tract disorders. Alcohol Health Res World 21( 1 ):76-83. PMID: 15706765; PMCID: PMC6826790.
(2) Centre canadien sur les d\u00e9pendances et l\u2019usage de substances (2023) R\u00e9sum\u00e9 grand public des Rep\u00e8res canadiens sur l\u2019alcool et la sant\u00e9 : boire moins, c\u2019est mieux (infographie), en ligne, consult\u00e9 novembre 2024, https:\/\/www.ccsa.ca\/fr\/resume-grand-public-des-reperes-canadiens-sur-lalcool-et-la-sante-boire-moins-cest-mieux.
(3) Cryan et al. (2019) The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Physiol Rev Oct 1;99( 4 ):1877-2013.
(4) \u00c9duc alcool. Alcool et sant\u00e9. L\u2019alcool et le corps humain. 2006.
(5) Engen et al. (2015) The Gastrointestinal Microbiome: Alcohol Effects on the Composition of Intestinal Microbiota. Alcohol Res 37( 2 ):223-36. PMID: 26695747; PMCID: PMC4590619.
(6) Nova et al. (2022) The Influence of Dietary Factors on the Gut Microbiota. Microorganisms Jul 7;10( 7 ):1368.<\/p>\n

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